It is a next generation Internet addressing mode that certainly will augment the life of the Internet (at least for another few more years to come) everyone is enjoying nowadays. The current Internet is being utilized through the first Internet Protocol addressing which is version 4 or IPv4.
IPv6 has 128-bit long and improve address space compared to the IPv4 which has only 32-bit. Address space meant a lot of things and IPv6 is a very promising alternative for the legacy Internet protocol.
Soon, everyone or every family will require not only a single IP but may be two or even more. Every individual during that time may have to acquire unique IPv6 addresses to be used in cell phone (e.g. UMTS capable require an IP), online entertainment devices and paraphernalias, et al.
The following are references and organizations where to get concrete information about IPv6:
IETF - The only organization that takes care of Internet standardization. Has the sole authority of the IPv6 protocol standards.
IPv6 Forum - The IPv6 Forum is a world-wide consortium of worldwide leading Internet vendors, Industry Subject Matter Experts, Research & Education Networks, with a clear mission to advocate IPv6 by dramatically improving technology, market, and deployment user and industry awareness of IPv6, creating a quality and secure new Generation Internet and allowing world-wide equitable access to knowledge and technology, embracing a moral responsibility to the world. More information about IPv6 Forum can be found here.
Also take a look at the IPv4 exhaustion counter.